Your air conditioner’s compressor is the heart of the system, so it’s no wonder that compressor failure is one of the most common AC problems. In this article, we’ll discuss the most common causes of AC compressor failure, as well as ways you can avoid compressor breakdown. But before we jump into that, let’s first take a quick look at how your AC compressor works.
How Does an AC Compressor Work?
Your AC compressor is responsible for circulating refrigerant throughout your AC system. When the refrigerant passes through the compressor, it is compressed and cooled. This cooled refrigerant then circulates through the evaporator coils, where it absorbs heat from the indoor air.
The now-warm refrigerant is then passed back through the compressor, where the cycle begins anew. If your compressor fails, your AC system will not be able to circulate the refrigerant and will not be able to cool your home.
So, what are some of the most common causes of AC compressor failure?
1. Improper Installation
If your AC compressor was not properly installed, it is likely that it will fail prematurely. Poorly installed compressors are often improperly wired, which can cause several electrical problems. Additionally, if the compressor is not properly secured, it may vibrate excessively, which can cause damage to the unit.
2. Lack of Maintenance
If you do not properly maintain your AC system, your compressor will likely break down faster. Your AC system should be serviced at least once a year by a qualified technician. During this service, the technician will inspect the compressor for any wear or damage. They will also clean the unit and lubricate the moving parts.
3. Refrigerant Leaks
If your AC system is leaking refrigerant, your compressor will likely fail. Refrigerant leaks can be caused by several factors, including poor installation, lack of maintenance, and damage to the unit. If your system is leaking refrigerant, it is important to have it repaired as soon as possible.
4. Electrical Problems
If your AC compressor is not receiving enough power, it will likely fail. Electrical problems can be caused by several factors, including poor installation, lack of maintenance, and damage to the unit.
5. Blockage of Condenser Coils
One of the most common causes of AC compressor failure is a blockage of the condenser coils. These coils are responsible for dissipating heat from the refrigerant, and if they become blocked, the refrigerant will overheat and cause the compressor to fail.
There are a few ways that the condenser coils can become blocked. The most common is dirt and debris buildup. This can happen if the coils are not cleaned regularly, or if they are located in an area where they are exposed to a lot of dust and dirt.
Another way that the condenser coils can become blocked is by ice buildup. This can happen if the coils are located in an area where they are exposed to cold air, or if the refrigerant level is low.
6. Overheating
Overheating is another common cause of AC compressor failure. The compressor is designed to operate within a certain temperature range, and if it gets too hot, it can fail. There are a few different ways that the compressor can overheat.
The most common is if the condenser coils are blocked. As mentioned above, the condenser coils are responsible for dissipating heat from the refrigerant, and if they become blocked, the refrigerant will overheat and cause the compressor to fail.
Another way that the compressor can overheat is if the refrigerant level is low. If there is not enough refrigerant in the system, it will cause the compressor to work harder, which will ultimately lead to overheating.
7. Undercharging
Undercharging occurs when the refrigerant levels are low, and can be caused by a leak in the system or by improper installation.
8. Oil Starvation
Oil starvation occurs when the compressor does not have enough oil and can be caused by a system leak or improper installation.
9. Vibration
Vibration can be caused by several factors, including a loose pulley, a misaligned belt, or a failing fan motor.
10. Foreign Object Damage
If a foreign object gets into the compressor, it can damage the internal parts. This can be caused by something as simple as a piece of debris getting into the system.
Tips on Preventing AC Compressor Failure
Fortunately, there are a number of things you can do to avoid compressor failure. Here’s how:
1. Schedule AC Maintenance
It’s important to have regular AC maintenance performed. This will allow a professional to inspect the system and ensure it runs smoothly. They may also be able to catch problems before they become serious.
2. Replace the Air Filter
You should replace the air filter every month or so. If you have pets, you may need to replace them more frequently. This will help to keep the system running smoothly and prevent it from overworking.
3. Inspect the Vents
If the vents are blocked, it can cause the system to overwork. Make sure the vents are clear of debris and are not obstructed.
4. Check for Leaks
If there are leaks in the system, it can cause the compressor to overwork. Check for leaks around the unit and make sure the fittings are tight.
5. Check the Refrigerant Level
If the refrigerant level is low, it can cause the compressor to overwork. Make sure the level is at the proper level and that there are no leaks.
Conclusion
There are many potential causes of AC compressor failure, and it is important to be aware of them to avoid a breakdown. The most common causes of failure are improper installation, lack of maintenance, and overloading. Other causes include electrical problems, condenser problems, and refrigerant leaks.
There are several things that can be done to avoid compressor failure. First, make sure that the unit is properly installed and that all connections are secure. Second, perform regular maintenance, such as cleaning the coils and checking the refrigerant levels. Third, avoid overloading the unit by keeping the thermostat set at a reasonable temperature. Fourth, make sure that there are no electrical problems, such as loose wires. Fifth, check the condenser for any problems. Sixth, repair any refrigerant leaks as soon as possible.
By following these tips, you can help avoid AC compressor failure and extend the life of your unit.
HVAC Swami is your expert HVAC resource. Whether you need to read up on air conditioning tune-up, want more information on a commercial HVAC system, or need emergency heating and cooling, you’ll find the facts and data in our articles.
